ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The objective was to evaluate the quality of diet and the relationship between protein diet and calciuria in children and adolescents with nephrolithiasis. METHODS: Forty-nine children and adolescents (28 male and 21 female; 10.1 +/- 3.16 years old) with nephrolithiasis were included in study. Diet evaluation was performed over a 3 day period in order to determine nutrient consumption. The analysis of diets were carried out by DietWin Clínico 3.0 software. One 24-hour urine sample was collected for the measurement of calcium. Nutritional status was also assessed by Body Mass Index (BMI). RESULTS: The diet of patients containe insufficient energy and calcium. High levels of protein (69.64 +/- 16.42 gm), mainly animal source (65.81 +/- 11.45%) and low levels of calcium (500.95 +/- 284.64 mg) was observed (95%). Analysis of 24 hour urine samples revealed that 25.0% of the patients presented hypercalciuria. A positive correlation (r = 0.26680) between animal protein intake and calciuria was found, in opposite of vegetable protein and calciuria correlation (r = -0.2675). CONCLUSIONS: Animal protein of the diet has a significant effect in urinary excretion of calcium in patients with nephrolithiasis.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Calcium/urine , Diet , Nutritional Status/physiology , Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology , Nephrolithiasis/metabolism , Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage , Body Mass Index , Diet Surveys , Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Energy Intake/physiology , Nephrolithiasis/urine , Dietary Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
A murine model of Chagas'disease induced by metacyclic forms of T. cruzi was used to evaluate T-cell function during infection. T-cell unresponsiveness to TcR; CD3 stimulation in vitro and lymphocyte activation in vivo occurred simultaneously. These paradoxical findings ar discussed in the light of recent evidence that mature activated T cells become susceptible to TcR-mediated apoptosis. Activation-induced death in T cells from T. cruzi-infected mice has recently been demonstrated in this model. Evidence that TcR-induced death of activated T cells could be a cause for T-cell unresponsiveness in vitro and in vivo, as well as the possible molecular mechanisms involved, are discussed.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Apoptosis/immunology , Chagas Disease/immunology , In Vitro Techniques , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Disease Models, Animal , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell , T-Lymphocytes/physiology , Lymphocyte Activation , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunologyABSTRACT
Exames transoperatórios (ET) säo realizados rotineiramente em um hospital geral, e seus resultados determinam os diferentes procedimentos cirurgicos. OBJETIVO. Avaliar o grau de precisäo diagnóstica dos ET e identificar os tipos de erros mais freqüentes. MÉtodos. Foram estudados, prospectivamente, 2.152 ET realizados entre março de 1986 e setembro de 1991, no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). RESULTADOS. Os 2.152 ET corresponderam a 3,7 por cento dos 58.127 exames anatomopatológicos feitos nesse período. Os erros classificados como falsos positivos ocorreram oito vezes (0,4 por cento), os falsos negativos 39 vezes (1,8 por cento) e os diagnósticos postergados para os cortes em parafina (inconclusivos) atingiram 62 casos (2,8 por cento). Os órgäos mais freqüentemente examinados foram linfonodo (19,3 por cento), ovário (17,2 por cento), mama (16,6 por cento) e tiróide (12,4 por cento). A acurácia dos ET foi de 95 por cento, e quando excluídos os 64 casos inconclusivo, a precisäo diagnóstica atingiu 97,8 por cento. CONCLUSäO. Os erros diagnósticos (2,2 por cento) encontrados nos ET realizados no HCPA säo compatíveis com os dados citados na literatura mundial, que variam entre 0,7 por cento e 2,5 por cento